The Second Friedmann Equation describes the acceleration or deceleration of the expansion (or contraction). It describes the forces pushing or pulling on the expansion.
read moreIn our universe, a Constant is a value that remains constant throughout space and throughout time. The Gravitational Constant, G, for example – so far as we can tell – remains regardless of when or where the measurement takes place. So too…
read moreAngular Momentum is the rotational analog of linear momentum. It is denoted by the lowercase omega symbol in particle physics. It may also be denoted elsewhere by the symbol as in: ; Where is mass; is velocity; and, is radius.
read moreOn the surface, the concept of Time Dilation seems so strange to us that we imagine its formula must be one of incredible complexity. In reality, its incredible simplicity almost belies the genius required to conceive of it (Minkowski, Lorentz, Einstein). It…
read moreA derivative is the instantaneous rate of a change of a variable with respect to another variable. For example, Velocity is the rate of change – or derivative – of an object with respect to time. When we say a plane is…
read moreJerk is the third derivative of position with respect to time .
read moreAverage Velocity is calculated using the change in displacement over a period of time. The change in displacement is calculated as the initial displacement subtracted from the final displacement, that quantity divided by the initial time subtracted from the final time.
read moreDerivation of the Friedmann Equations[1] from the Newtonian First Derivative of the Scale Factor a is the scale factor, not acceleration. Notice it is not expressed as a vector. The scale factor is scalar; It has no direction, only magnitude. It describes the instantaneous…
read moreVelocity tells you how fast an object is moving in a certain direction.
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