“An electric charge is the property of matter where it has more or fewer electrons than protons in its atoms. Electrons carry a negative charge and protons carry a positive charge. Matter is positively charged if it contains more protons than electrons, and negatively charged if it contains more electrons than protons.” – Techopedia
: Electric ChargeWe could say it no better. This is an exceptional and rarely found explanation which allows a fundamental understanding of the electric charge.
The related forces – and their respective fields, created by this difference; have an effect on bodies under their influence.
The Electric Charge is a result, ultimately, of the fundamental interactions, or fundamental forces.
A Force is defined as an influence that can change the motion of an object, but it only arises from the object’s interaction with another object.
Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects.
When the interaction ceases, the two objects no longer experience the force.
Forces can be modeled mathematically as a field.
Gravity is currently not considered a force, as the gravitational force is attributed to the curvature of spacetime – the gravitational field – described by Einstein’s general theory of relativity.
The other three are discrete quantum fields, and their interactions are mediated by elementary particles described by the Standard Model of particle physics.
The search for the elementary particle of the gravitational field is what we call Quantum Gravity.
All four fundamental interactions, also known as fundamental forces, are the interactions that currently appear to be irreducible to more basic interactions.
The question of Forces & Fields is one in which we here at Jack’s Notes are particularly interested.